Who is solving ZK Complexity?

ETH Tbilisi 02 · December 2025 · 2:46

Kage Protocol founder Lucid Samuel is asked which projects are solving the complexity of integrating zero-knowledge proofs into real applications. The short debate touches on tooling, circuit fragility and developer experience. Recorded at ETH Tbilisi 02.

Speakers

Topics

From ETH Tbilisi 02, hosted by ETHTbilisi.

Transcript

And you talked about the two layers of the computational layer and then the execution and network layer and how these two interacting basically affecting the complexity I guess of being able to read the viewing fee and then you also have the compliance factor and all that. Who would you say right now is solving this problem the best in terms of preserving privacy all across the board in terms of also like hey maybe my government just doesn't like me maybe whatever like I'm still protected using this application. >> Okay. Um again there are a lot but I'm only going to say or mention names based on my perspective and based on what I can publicly tweet about or talk about.

Okay. So there's bias. Okay. >> Yeah. So um um Aztec is a very very great infrastructure. They're an Ethereum L2 but they still don't solve their uh view key problems. So which means if you view an ADC um application developers still have to decide whether they want to um you know secure the viewing keys part of things or not decide whether they or not they want to uh be able to view users transactions. So it's still they still it's just an infrastructure. So it's dependent on the applications layer. Uh but then they have another product being built on Aztec called Tacio. So what Tacio did was to combine ZK and MPC together to be

able to do private shared state. Uh so there are multiple witnesses your validators network. So um know so if you build your applications on hashtec using tasio you get to be able to um prove to your users or prove technically that you're not you know um handling the computations or provenence of particular set of information does centralizing the solution >> yes yes exactly and then for sending and receiving are again buyers zcash is [laughter] >> really really So yeah, but um uh I think one of the most fundamental things about people in

Ethereum and um even in Zcash is we all believe in open source. So which means anything I say can be verifiable by code can be verifiable by the white paper by the architecture. So you could see it in yourself, you can see by yourself rather than you know what someone says. You can do your own research and like verify this particular set of information. But uh Zcash has very very strong crypto primitives that cannot be decrypted by literally anybody and they're basically um almost fully postquantum.

So in the sense I mean that's a topic for another day but