ETH flywheel effect, Case for social slashing - The Daily Gwei Refuel #433 - Ethereum Updates

Transcript

hello everyone and welcome to another episode of the daily great refuel where you cap the latest news in the ethereum ecosystem i'm your host the anthony's assigned to the 23rd of august 2022 all right everyone let's get into it so we have a new blog post here from eric wall today that i wanted to kind of put on your radar and this is basically titled the case for social slashing so i think this is a really great read i highly recommend going and giving it a read because it does a great job of summarizing all the intricacies and nuances around social slashing and and all this kind of stuff that's that i've been talking about over the last couple weeks as well so i mean i read through it earlier today and i found myself pretty much agreeing with everything that eric was saying he didn't just kind

of i guess like um go over the pros but he went over the cons he kind of still manned the other side of this kind of the other argument against it and and or everything that surrounds that there so as i said like i i definitely recommend giving this a read i think the main takeaway from this the the thing that stuck out to me most was something that i hadn't thought of before and that was the fact that when we think about the ethereum protocol post merge so proof of stake protocol we think about what tools it has to punish validators for doing the wrong thing well we have slashing right we have in protocol slashing for things like surround voting for double uh double voting double uh sorry attempting to kind of like double spend things like

that uh you know double signing all that sort of stuff we have things in place to slash people for that in the protocol and i've explained how it's very hard if not impossible i from my understanding to be able to kind of like detect censorship in the same way and slash for that but in in the context that eric was bringing up was around slashing say coinbase for example a very large centralized staking provider they would all already get punished if they did something that went against the protocol uh it's just that because we can't uh objectively view censorship from with from the protocol we have to do it in a social way where we have to basically use the same tool that we use uh for punishing them for like double signing uh surround voting stuff like that uh but we in to enact

those tools we don't just kind of like do it in an automated fashion within the protocol we have to use the social layer so it really is the same thing and the context was that people sticking with coinbase should be prepared to lose some um you know or all of their eth in the event that they get slashed and and and eric said basically that it doesn't even matter if it's not a social slash coinbase still runs the risk of getting slashed for whatever reason and so does every stake i mind you like there it's not a risk-free thing you still run the wrist no matter what no matter how many kind of like uh protections you have in place how many redundancies you have in place there is always a risk that you're gonna get slashed uh whether you're you know obviously purposely trying to attack the network

or not it's just that we can we can punish you for uh most things in protocol it's just when it comes to censorship it needs an extra protocol i guess uh trigger for for lack of a better term there in order to get the ball rolling so from that perspective uh any attack on the network should be you know whether that be censorship or otherwise should be you know it should come with the expectation that you're going to get slashed if you're trying to attack the network and that's what the social signals around social slashing is all about is making sure that everyone in the ecosystem i'm not trying to pick on any one provider but every single validator in the ecosystem whether that be part of a centralized staking pool or a decentralized one or a centralized service provider or centralized exchange or a solar validator it doesn't matter

they all have to abide by the same in protocol and extra protocol rules and extra protocols more of a social contract where i think that my stance has kind of evolved on this over the last couple weeks i think that if only 20 or 30 of the the network say network validators for example uh censoring transactions in that they're not including transactions in their blog or certain transactions in their blocks i don't think that's the case for social slashing but if it becomes the majority of the network that's doing that well i think it does become the case for social slashing because it significantly degrades network performance and it depends on what's being uh censored and what's not obviously we would like to see zero censorship on the network but

as pauline i pointed out yesterday miners and validators have always had the ability to include or not include whatever transactions they want in a block and that's at the protocol level like it's an objective thing it's not something that they're not allowed to do the protocol gives them the ability to do that now if we want to fix that we have to basically bring improvements to the protocol which we are going to do where where it gets really dangerous is when validators refuse to build on top of the longest chain right on top of the canonical chain refuse to attest to blocks on that chain that leads to forks that leads to competing chains that is when i would be fully in favor of invoking this social slashing of course as a last resort but if it's gone to that point where they where essentially

you have a large part of the network saying well we're not going to uh build on these blocks at all we're not we know we're not only not going to include these transactions we're not going to build on blocks that have these in transactions included in them or build on a chain or a test to blocks that has it has these transactions included in them well that's when you lead you get chain splits and that's when it becomes a direct attack on the network at least from my perspective i'm sure many people would agree with me on that and that's when i think it's very very justified to socially slash in order to get the network back on track and that comes with a lot of fallout it is not pretty it comes with a lot of uh just mess and we don't want to get to

that point so those are the two main kind of like things and that's my main target from eric's post here is that we are just enacting the rules of the protocol we just have to do it in a kind of like subjective way rather than an objective way because we have no way to objectively punish for censorship it's it doesn't it doesn't exist right now and maybe it won't exist in the future so we have to make sure that we have a social layer that is willing to use the nuclear option if push comes to shove as i've described before but that's my main takeaway maybe you have something different definitely give the blog post to read i'll link it in the youtube description below speaking of the i guess like censorship and ofac sanctions ryan sean adams today shared a little three thread here on how

you can help alex petsev gain his freedom now the per alex percevere is the tornado cash dev that was arrested in uh the netherlands who is still i believe uh uh kind of imprisoned on suspicion but no charges have been filed yet so if you want to sign a position for his freedom you can do that you can join the telegram group where people are coordinating and you can also give directly to his defense on git coin so these are all the things you can do to help him if you're so inclined to do so obviously not being forced to help him if you don't if you don't want to if you don't feel like getting involved but these uh i'm glad to see this kind of like spun up here because i mean they originally said that they arrested him because he facilitated or profited from

money laundering and you know the fact that as far as i know they haven't charged him with anything still i think it's been over a week at least uh probably longer than that now um and and the fact that they've just kind of like arrested him on imprison him on suspicion is an injustice and i think it needs to be rectified uh asap like i i i can't even imagine what i would feel like being in that position where i've got arrested for my connections to this tool that have been sanctioned but they i'm not being charged with anything and i'm just sitting in you know potentially kind of like a holding cell and i've got no idea what's going on like i would that's like a nightmare scenario for me nightmare fuel for me like i i can't even imagine what it's like for for alex

here and i i read a thread yesterday i don't have it up here right now but there was a thread if you go to my twitter profile you'll see it on virgil griffith and how he's been in solitary confinement for three months because they haven't been able to find beds for him at the prison he's at which is insane to me and maybe that isn't the truth maybe there's another reason why he's in solitary confinement but virgil is not a violent person i mean he's in prison for basically spreading knowledge in in in kind of like north korea um and and you know obviously going against the us because you know north korea is sanctioned and i'm not trying to justify or defend his actions here but he's not a violent hardened criminal who would have done anything to put himself in you know solitary confinement like that so

like just when you think about it like think about how bad that is for a person's mental state just generally and how you would feel in that situation i would personally feel like really really bad i'd probably develop some pretty gnarly uh mental conditions as well because of that and then and people do right so we need to make sure that uh uh we kind of like preserve uh you know proper justice here and the proper kind of like chain of command the proper process and this isn't to me the proper process here like you can't just arrest someone and not charge them with anything and hold them indefinitely i know that there are certain i guess acts or certain laws passed in certain countries which allows for this to happen uh due to suspicion of money laundering you know terrorists freeze and financing stuff

like that but at the end of the day uh it really just flies in the face of uh of of human rights and and i really think that that's just absolute so if you want to support alex you can i'll link these in the youtube description uh for you to go to these links so matthew greene who did a uh podcast with bankless recently you should definitely listen to that but he's not i guess in the crypto ecosystem so to speak he is a cryptographer he teaches cryptography at a uh university in the us i believe uh or the uk i think he's one of the two i i think it's the us um but he's basically said today that he's made a github organization to replu republish a fork of the tornado cash repositories that were banned following the treasury's sanction uh order the

other week uh and then he's also said that the there are a lot of thorny issues around the ofac treasury sanctioning of an open source project and what it means for freedom of speech and to help figure those out the eff which is the electronic frontier foundation has agreed to represent matthew greene on this front which is very cool i mean we have an actual cryptographer a cryptography professor kind of in our uh in our court here and going to fight for us which i think is really really awesome and the tornado cache uh repositories are now back live on github here under uh i got kind of like matthew green so you can go check those those out and you know download them for your own news if you want to or anything like that uh but yeah i mean code should not be kind of banned or or or anything like

that and it's open source code should be able to be freely looked at and shared and and used at the end of the day at least that's my uh that's my my view on things there but great to see a matthew green here taking an actual stand and it seems like he's going to be fighting this in uh in you know meat space so to speak so maybe we can get some actual clarity around this because everyone is still super confused no one knows what to do like it's been how long now i think the sanctions happened over two weeks ago now and there's still not any clarity at all like i wouldn't even say there is any clarity there's not like and that's really bad and that really makes it hard for anyone to know where to go from me and what to do from

here obviously the wheels of uh bureaucracy move extremely slowly uh and getting anything out of the the government when it comes to these sorts of stuff is probably going to take a while but still we have people in our core you know we have people fighting for us and we should support them so really great to see this from matthew green today all right last stop here i want to kind of like focus on this uh graphic that banteck has made which is similar to the one that i showed yesterday but this one basically shows the difference between btc eth1 and eth2 uh and uh the distribution of uh i guess like validators or miners so you can see here on bitcoin three pools uh account for over fifty percent of the uh um of the mining uh on on btc so uh those

three pools are color coded here one of them is uh foundry usa and the other one is ant pool and the other one is f2 pool those three alone from what i can see on the graphic here account for over 50 of the bitcoin network as we all know you only need 51 of the hash to launch attacks and to start building uh kind of and to become the longest chain on that network now i'm not going to talk about the feasibility of doing that obviously it's not an easy task but that's the state of it ethereum is not much better if all better i don't think it's actually bad i think it's in the exact same scenario where you have ether mine f2 pool and hive on paul i believe here accounting for over 50 of the network so it's it's basically the same position as as

bitcoin and then you have uh eth2 or i guess like group of stake down the bottom which looks much more distributed now as i've said before uh this graphic has split out lido into its into its singular compartments because obviously lido is 29 different validating services it's not just one monolithic entity so that makes this look a lot better and then otherwise would have counted lido as one entity now there are debates around how you should count that not going to get into that uh now that now uh but the the reason why i wanted to bring this graphic up is because just looking at this at face value you would think that both if the proof-of-work bitcoin and proof-of-work ethereum are more centralized than proof-of-stake ethereum and i think that's the wrong way to look

at it because one there's no answers between proof-of-work and proof-of-stake there's nuances between the distribution of these stakers and pools and when looking at proof-of-stake versus of work uh from like a validator perspective it gets very murky especially ethereum proof of stake versus proof of work so and and then looking at the incentives around that the game theory around that and the network itself and the network social layer there's so much that goes into this that's why whenever the critics especially the ones outside of crypto bring up oh you know proof of work is incredibly centralized because three pools control 51 over 50 of the of the hash rate and that's enough to launch an attack okay yeah i mean if you look just looking at it from that perspective it makes sense

but there's also the cost of attack right there is as i said the game theory behind it the incentives behind it there is the community behind it that there is the fact that miners can change pools relatively easily you just have to basically switch your miners over to another pool if you don't want to be part of the pool that you're that you were part of staking or ethereum staking it's the same thing but it's a bit more nuanced in the fact that there's a cue to get out so for example if you are staking with a service provider and you want to exit and there's a the fastest you can exit i believe without a queue at all is within a day if there is a queue and depending on how long the queue is it could stretch out to months potentially it just depends

right so it's it's very it's kind of like different to to mining and it's also different in that when you're staking with like a coinbase for example you're both giving custody to coinbase of your eth and you've given them control over your validator because they're the ones spinning up the validator so they could stop you from withdrawing altogether right they could stop you from from spinning down the validator altogether there are solutions coming to uh kind of rectify that uh there is a lot going on in the proof of stake ethereum world as well to kind of help with that but that's the reality of and the nuances there so you can't just look at the this graphic and draw conclusions from it just based on the graphic alone just based on the on the distribution here you have to look at all the nuance

behind it and i actually think as i've always said the most important is the social layer the most important is how strong is the network and how how um likely is it to repair itself from an attack both on the technical and the social side technical side for proof of work chains they're pretty much booked uh they like it's pretty hard for them to stop uh i guess like an attacker they would have to change the hashing algorithm which i mean fine you know do that but then you punish all the honest miners it's very it's extremely messy right uh and it basically means that you have to start from scratch with your security for the chain and yeah it's not a very very good way of dealing with it on proof of stake ethereum we can do this uh kind of like

a slashing whether it be social otherwise uh for i guess like attacks on the network and stuff like that but it's still very very messy especially in ethereum's case because of the d5 considerations right like what would the d5 ecosystem look like in that in that world um and also the collateral damage and the fall that i've spoken at before so i just wanted to focus on that graphic for a little bit today because it's definitely a lot more nuanced than just looking at it at face value and and anyone who kind of like talks to you about these distributions and kind of doesn't talk about the nuance it's worthwhile to correct them on this and worthwhile to explain to them that there's a lot more to this graphic than just the raw numbers and i think that's true from pretty much everything in crypto and most things in life generally

like taking things that face value and without nuance usually leads to very binary outcomes it doesn't lead to good debate doesn't lead to good discussion doesn't lead to good solutions so yeah i just wanted to kind of put that on your radar i'll link this in the youtube description if you're listening to the podcast you can go check out the graphic for yourself all right so uh steph here on twitter posted a slide from vitalik's if mexico talk on what to build next in ethereum or at least what he wants to see built next in ethereum so he wants to see while it's using erc 4337 aggregation uh so that's a standard for for wallet aggregation here he wants better compression for roll-ups which would obviously lead to cheaper fees on roll-ups he wants software for nodes in a post-tank sharding world so this would

basically mean that he wants people to be able to download as much of the chain history as they want very easily as part of their kind of like node infrastructure at least that's my interpretation of it and then he also wants apps that are not possible today but are possible in a world where transactions are 100 times cheaper i think he's gonna get all this i think it's naturally going to i mean this is pretty much all being worked on the first one i know he's being worked on uh compression for all ups definitely being worked on by all roll up teams uh the software for nodes in a post tank shouting world i mean i don't think it's being worked on right now because we don't know exactly what it's what uh dang shining is going to look like in its final form on the network and it's

probably going to take a little while before that final form gets out gets out there so i think that there are probably discussions being had and maybe prototypes being built but nothing concrete yet but it is still being built right and then you have the apps that are not possible today but are possible when things are cheaper i think we know some of these apps already like decentralized social media and stuff like that but they just haven't been built because it's not 100 times cheaper yet i mean at the end of the day the roll-ups aren't 100 times cheaper than mainnet they possibly will be after the first version of product oh sorry after protodank shouting goes live but right now they're not they're not there so i think vitalik's gonna get what he wants here because as i said that some of them or most of them are already in

development and the others are just very very close to being in development uh but great to see him focusing on just what to build because i i think that a lot of focus has been put on the protocol layer especially by me because i just focus on the protocol layer a lot um because of the move to proof of stake because of these other major upgrades that are coming but once we have that you know massive scalability there we should really begin more of a focus on the application layer because as i've said before there's no point building all this cool protocol layer stuff if there's no apps to take advantage of it so we should really put more emphasis on the on the application layer at least in my opinion all right so a nice little graphic here from pauline now today i'm not sure if

it's their graphic or if it's come from somewhere else but i haven't seen this before and basically it describes uh eighth as an asset or it really any asset but i mean this this kind of like fits in nicely with eighth it's this feedback loop where you have at the top there's a circle here with a productive asset in it and then it goes uh and then it continues on and has an arrow pointing to low or no inflation plus high security and then it goes to uh that would create a sound story value and that creates rising economic bandwidth aka a rising asset price which leads to rising economic activity because more people want to take advantage of that and and and i guess uh participate in more economic activity which leads to a more productive asset and then we start this kind of like feedback loop over again i

think this is just a really great way of visualizing why a rising eth price for example is extremely healthy for the entire ecosystem and for the entire uh kind of like ethereum network and it's not just all about number go up to make people rich at the end of the day like it's it's all about you know security obviously uh securing the chain as much as we can and uh the eighth price is directly correlated to that even more so in proof of stake but it's also about uh making sure that we can have a more productive asset which leads to all of this right and which leads to more economic bandwidth for us to use we can use eth you know as i've explained i think i explained this um last time when i was talking about stable coins but a more valuable eth

means we can do more stuff with it within d5 at like whether that be as collateral uh or as kind of like pairing with liquidity pools we can create a much more robust and healthy d5 ecosystem and that would lead to more economic activity because there's more liquidity there's more robustness more health to the overall ecosystem which then again makes ether more productive asset and then leads to this whole kind of feedback here so i thought this was just a great way of visualizing that and and kind of like spelling it out for people because too many people still think that uh the only reason why we want any of these assets to go up in value is for speculative reasons uh i mean obviously there's a lot of that there but for me personally it's not about that it's it's about the fact that i

recognize that a rising eighth value is extremely positive to the network both from a security productivity uh perspective and also from a kind of like social perspective of bringing in more people bringing in more interest and being able to fund more of the things that we want to see in the ecosystem there's a reason why we're not struggling for funding this time around like we were after 2017 is because there was a lot more money that came into this ecosystem than back then especially on the on the private funding side so yeah i just wanted to highlight that for you guys i'll link this in the youtube description for you to check out all right so it's creeping up arbitrary nitro is going live in nine days so this is going live obviously on august 31st and i'm assuming that albatroom odyssey

will be activated within a few days of that so very exciting times coming up for arbitrary here uh i didn't realize how close it was actually i didn't even realize it was the 23rd of august today which is just crazy i was like what the hell winter's almost over obviously i'm in australia sorry uh it's almost spring the first day of spring is coming i was like wow that has gone by so quickly i don't even know where 2022 has gone and also then i realized wow the merge is so close right so we have some super exciting stuff happening here we have nitro happening on on the 31st then we have the merge mid september and we have i'm sure a lot more things around that are kind of like coming out as well uh it's just a super exciting time to be in

ethereum that's for sure but yeah i just wanted to give a heads up to you guys that nitro is very close and what nitro is going to basically bring is those much cheaper transactions because the um the limit how that that arbitrary nitro has imposed on itself is going to be raised a lot and then odyssey will be turned back on so you'll be able to be uh kind of like partake in that so just wanted to remind you guys about that one all right so maker uh dao announced today the a defining moment they're calling it to envision the potential of connecting decentralized finance and real world finance huntington valley bank and make our pioneer the first commercial loan participation between a u.s regulated financial institution and a decentralized digital currency maker is connecting to the

legacy economy through the largest real world asset vault to date and its first relationship with the us bank mike maker has come under scrutiny slash i guess like attack for their maybe difference in philosophy that they've had since going to multicollateral die where they think that these centralized real world assets are a benefit to the maker protocol not a liability i don't know where i sit on this i am still a very big fan of of kind of just uh only underneath only backed stablecoin but i've described before why that's very hard to achieve at scale and especially with stability and i've explained why i believe that

multicollateral dye is not a bad thing and why it is potentially necessary for dye to be able to scale up but it does compromise on those decentralization ideals right it does like die is definitely not a fully decentralized stable coin these days and i do wonder if on boarding these real world assets just keeps watering that down because if this is being done with a regulated us financial institution you know if there is a i know it's not like a large part of the collateral backing die right now but what if it does become that and then uh you know the thing is we already have the usdc risk so we're just adding more risk here and the mega folks are very good at gauging risk and very good at kind of like measuring these sorts of stuff but i don't know i feel like it's just

introducing unnecessary complex maybe not complexity but like more unnecessary risk into the protocol of something that i would love to see go back more towards being you know a more decentralized stable coin but i think that that's just not the way that maker is going to be from from now and that's not to say that maker can't be a successful protocol can't be a good protocol can't be something that we can get a lot of value out of but i think the days of calling maker a decentralized protocol and die decentralized stablecoin uh are over at this point um maybe you can say semi-decentralized and there's just like that added risk of those centralized assets potentially being frozen and things like that but uh but yeah i mean this is what a lot of people are wrestling with right now when it comes to makeup maker has been around for ages

i've been a huge fan of them i've used makeup plenty of times i've used dye plenty of times but uh i don't want to kind of like fool myself into kind of like thinking that it is a fully decentralized thing anymore in saying all of that i still think what they're doing is very cool here i think inevitably we're gonna need to bridge the gap between defy and kind of like traditional finance anyway i know that traditional finance is locked down really really hard with regulations and all that sorts of stuff but it's way bigger than us there's no way in hell that we're going to be able to scale d5 to the world without plugging into traditional finance and basically offering them all these good better tools on their level on their playing field they're not going to change their their rules for us

anytime soon the regulations are not going to change for us anytime soon so if we want to play in their world we have to play by their rules just like if they want to play in our world they have to play by our rules uh uh to an extent i mean they could create like a super regulated uh on-chain thing that maybe they just use but like no one in in you know d5 is going to want to use that they're going to use the alternatives still like it's all about compromise when it comes to this sort of stuff yes i want to see fully decentralized protocols take over the world especially when it comes to d5 but uh i'm also pragmatic about onboarding people like there's no point creating fully decentralized things if no one's using it like who cares then we want to you

know be pragmatic get as many users as possible bridge the gap between d5 and tradfy but also preserve what makes d5 so great obviously decentralization um you know no kyc no aml freedom privacy all the good stuff that we we know and love when it comes to d5 we want to preserve that as we scale up to the world and it's a delicate balance it's not an easy thing to do and i don't think attacking any protocol or attacking any person is the way to go i think you know just working to make the technology better is probably the way to go there all right reminder that git coin grant around 15 is only 16 days away so there is a kind of uh 2.6 million dollars in matching funds that have been committed so far between the main round four cause

rounds and 13 ecosystem rounds so you can increase your grant potential by submitting early here on the link uh but yeah i just wanted to remind you guys that this is happening in between september 7th and september 22nd so basically in the heart of the merge season i guess we can call it merge caesar that's a that's got a like nice ring to it there uh but yeah and it's happening uh uh on on get coin obviously you can go check this out we'll link it into the description below all right so swell network today has announced that guarded launched swell network is now live on the ethereum mainnet via a guarded launch this is the next critical milestone in the pathway to bringing next-generation liquid staking to the ecosystem so this is another liquid staking uh protocol that has entered the fray here obviously we

have a lot of these already or not that not actually we don't have that many of these i think the most popular ones obviously rocker pool and lido but swell network has entered the fray here and uh you know they've got a guarded launch which basically means that there's limits to to how much kind of uh eighth can be staked with them and what could be done with them so you can see the guarded launch stages here where there's a different e threshold between the different stages so there's five different stages the fifth one will be an open e threshold so everything uncapped but until then it's actually a pretty small cap so in the first stage it's only a 328th cap and then you can see it goes up by 10x to 3200 double to 6400 uh and then just uh and then um i

think it's a 50 increase to 9 600 here uh in in terms of that can a threshold and then stage five is just going to be open to all so you can read the details in this blog post for the full uh kind of um overview here but great to see another liquid staking protocol go live on the ethereum main net all right so i just a quick shout out here is that two of fears put out this this tweet today saying for the next three weeks i'll be focusing on supporting the best merge viewing call that we can offer each stakers teaming up with bankless and myself myself being me anthony to bring the community closer together as we celebrate the fruition of years of work the merge is coming we're gonna make it so uh the merge is coming in as it says yeah three weeks uh it's

going to be an amazing time for all of us and we're going to celebrate it on a call just like we've celebrated the test net uh the test net mergers it's gonna be a much bigger call we have like a whole agenda planned we're super excited about it we're in the planning stages right now we want to make it extremely memorable like i think if anything needs to be memorable in terms of calls within the ethereum ecosystem this is the one we only do the merge once i mean hopefully hopefully nothing goes wrong we have to do it again but you know we're we're assuming that we're only doing the merge once it only happens once in ethereum's history there will never be a move to proof of stake again because we'll already be on proof of stake uh so we want to get this right we

want to make it as fun as possible and i couldn't you know i don't think it could be in better hands than folks like eat steak and bankless i mean i'm there too but i'm just along for the ride like i'm just super excited i think i just bring the energy uh and apparently i'm bringing a dance too but we'll see about that just but yeah i mean my my point in bringing this up is i just wanted to make you guys aware that we're we're like super excited about this call um and obviously the details will be out as we get closer to uh to the to the merge date uh but i hope to see you all there on that one uh and speaking of calls uh i did my final twitter spaces was it with ssv network today where i had that

merge series that i've been doing for the last two and a half months this twitter space was a back-to-back episode with ailon from ssv network we talked all things ethereum decentralization censorship resistance all the good stuff there and then the second half of the episode was i was joined by uh two people from lido and two people from rocketpool to talk about everything ethereum staking so you can go check out that final episode and ssv network will also be posting on their channels uh all the episodes and everything and all the education materials around that so keep an eye out for that um but i thank them for having me on and letting me host letting me interview some interesting people uh and asking them interesting questions um but yeah i think on that note that's going to be a wrap for today so thank everyone for listening and

watching be sure to subscribe to the channel if you haven't yet give the video a thumbs up subscribe to newsletter join the discord channel and i'll catch you all tomorrow thanks everyone