Ethereum and Internet Computer: World Computer

Transcript

all right hello everyone um I'm really glad to be here I was lost to edcon in uh 2017. yeah he was here in 2017. yeah nice it seems like a lifetime ago now but anyway glad to be back um so all right let's uh without further Ado let's get started I probably have too many slides but we'll see so I'm going to talk about um you know realizing the world computer vision uh by combining uh ethereum with the internet computer and to give you some perspective um you know Bitcoin appeared you know in 2009 and gave us digital goal

um ethereum launched in 2015 and gave us smart contracts um and then finally the internet computer launched in 2021 and produced something that you can think of rather like a crypto Cloud it's a blockchain but it uses a very different architecture a lot of uh super interesting uh advanced math and cryptography and you see these kind of Innovations come about every six years or something so um what is what is this world computer do like if you can combine different chains and you can add crypto Cloud functionality one of the things it can do is trustless

multichains so the internet computer can interact with other blockchains uh without without Bridges you can build absolutely anything on it so you could build you know Mass Market social network that will run uh end to end in a decentralized way you can assign web free services to Dows and not just in the sense that you know people vote on proposals and if some bit of tax gets enough votes someone goes away with a back door key and and and implements The Proposal but with full automation and you can integrate with web too so it it's a big potential Game Changer and the internet computer is the glue that

makes this possible um it has something called concurrent canister smart contracts which if you're curious remain deterministic and it gives you um unbounded scaling and crypto Cloud efficiency and and speed and it's powered by this thing called chain key crypto so the objective of the internet computer project and and the dfinity foundation generally is is to solve this sort of fundamental problem where web3 is still primarily runs on centralized technology

and that that's where hackers had Regulators had sensors had Gatekeepers had vested interest had and generally the continued use of centralized Technologies is the root of most most of the problems that occur so um oops I think we've got a clicker problem let's try oh there we go all right um so we want to end what we might refer to as a kind of decentralization theater where 99.9 um of compute in the web 3 space remains on centralized tax so

um you know here's a typical architecture where web3 is running on Amazon web services and the problem is that the platform owner here um Jeff Bezos is ultimately a controller of the platform and the developers um also a kind of controller of the web 3 that runs there because it's their credit card that's been put into the service and they get a username and password and they can just go in and arbitrarily change data and content and inject malicious code if they want to and that of course means that you can't run that web 3 under the control of a dow because a dow um can't control what's running on

Amazon web services so the way this is solved is through the world computer and this vision of the world computer is one which is all-encompassing where actually in the end everything every system and service that you can imagine every single system and service you can imagine runs 100 100 percent on on the blockchain and um you know this opens uh I mean has has the advantages and of removing those weak centralized points but also enables new things like full automation with doubts where Dows have complete control there's no back doors the software updates the web 3 software updates go

through the down the whole thing so since the internet computer has launched you know we've seen an emergence of quite interesting ecosystem and new things have become possible so to get a sense of it I don't know if you can see on the screen um yeah you can the the address bar of this um browser window it looks like a traditional crypto exchange like a C5 Exchange but if you look in the web browser address bar you'll see there's a sort of strange string of numbers that's because what you're actually looking at is the address of a canister small contract and that canister small contract is

serving the user experience into the browser so one of the tricks internet computer allows you to perform is having a small contract serve the dynamic user experience and you can do this in a way where you have the blockchain pre-sign assets like HTML and JavaScript and there's a service worker in the browser that's verifying something called a chain chanky signature but this is an order book exchange this is like a CFI Exchange um you've got Market orders limit orders um philical and all of this is happening on on the Chain itself and this is something called open chat

this is um a uh on chain fully Unchained 100 on chain uh messaging web3 messaging service and um every every chat message is a transaction and all of the contents stored on the internet computer itself so even if a message is video or an image it's living on on chain and of course the user experience is being served into a browser is also being served by small contracts and um two two there are two especially interesting aspects of this service one is that it runs under the control of the singular service nervous system down

which also upgrades the software so it's more than just something where we vote on a tax proposal it's actually a decentralized operational framework where you can update a running web3 service um a bit like you know um get is and get you know GitHub provides a framework for managing an open source project if you want um the other interesting piece of this is that it it's it's multi-chain and you can do things like send crypto with chat messages and in fact your messaging account is a wallet and

um that that's leaning on the multi-chunk capabilities okay all right so um Changi crypto release timeline um so the internet computers are integrated at the network level with Bitcoin internet computer nodes speak to bitcoin nodes and small contracts on the internet computer are able to create Bitcoin transactions without having private keys crypto signs the Bitcoin transactions of course this is hidden behind easy to use apis you can just say give me a Bitcoin address receive Bitcoin send it um the next phase is integrating with ethereum again at the network level

you're going to have bi-directional calling between canister small contracts on the internet computer and evm small contracts on ethereum and this bi-directional cooling will be possible without a bridge so you'll only be exposed to the the security concerns of two different blockchains rather than additionally being exposed to the concerns of a bridge and that's a very very big deal also removes all the latency and things like that so I work at the Divinity Foundation it's based in Switzerland there's no company involved in the internet computer project um established in 2016 research that began

in 2015 um not for profit we actually have I think the world's largest team of famous and well-sited cryptographers probably the biggest R D team in crypto and it's been running for years about 270 plus people globally and so I've given you the sort of page about what it does I'm going to try and run you through in the time we've got remaining and how it works and if we've got time we'll do a quick q a um so internet computer isn't proof of stake it's it uses something called proof of useful work and that means that it is as crypto protocol to combine these things

called node machine devices that are run by independent people and and run from data centers all over the world and here we go these nodes are combined to create subnet blockchains and that's how the internet computer scales its capacity and these subnet blockchains are obviously host and and replicate canister small contracts which I think I mentioned can run concurrently on a subnet but it's done deterministically um and together you know all these subnets are combined using chenky crypto to produce a single scalable and

efficient virtual computer that hosts canister smart contracts oh that was interesting okay yeah so another aspect of the internet computer is um it's what's known as an Adaptive blockchain it's the world's first adapted blockchain and that means that it self-governing so it has a dow called the network nervous system that's integrated into its protocols and again this is a kind of operational framework so there are no kind of centralized parties with back door keys or organizing you know miners to upgrade this network nervous system is

completely open and permissionless and people submit proposals to it to structure the network create new subnet blockchains upgrade the protocol and and things like that and through that it just continually evolves in the two years it's now been running in production the internet computer blockchain has been upgraded more than 145 times more than 145 protocol upgrades have taken place and and that's thanks to the sort of reduce friction of having a dow integrated with the protocol that's actually able to upgrade the whole thing for example pushing out software upgrades to the actual Dome machines devices that that host the network so capabilities um

uh the network nervous system I feel like a kind of Master data that controls the network is also a dow Factory it creates these things called service nervous system sub-dials and this is uh really rather recent development people are beginning uh to use now and you can basically propose that you want something that's running fully on chain um to Runners almost like a blockchain extension under the control of a sub-dial that maintains its own micro economy of course and it'll run things something called decentralization swap where the governance tokens are swapped for other tokens with the community and the Dow maintains control of the tokens received in its Treasury and that actually provides for all kinds of new web 3 paradigms where you can

kind of founderize users by giving them governance tokens users can directly interact with canister smart contracts from any browser so you don't need a thanks to the way it works you don't need like a local client to interact securely you can actually directly interact with small contracts as you saw with the the Dax and um you don't authenticate yourself with a wallet you can build a wallet but you actually authenticate using something called internet identity which is integrated with web or then the key is stored on your device like in your laptop or your phone inside the TPM most modern devices have um and that'll actually create a session for you so the the the you know as you

interact with the web through service that's obviously generating transaction calls right remote procedure calls that's hidden because you created a session um and this is where it gets kind of interesting the the the results of these RPC transaction calls um assigned um by the blockchain using a single Master public uh chain key and that chain key will tell you not only that the um transaction ran against the small contract with those the parameters provided and produced that result but that hasn't been tampered with and also that the blockchain's running correctly um and this magic is is possible even

though the the node machine devices have different public keys um and as you can imagine as this thing scales out you it gains more and more subnet blockchains um which are kind of invisible these are like Avalanche subnets they're actually combined into a single blockchain um and and this sort of um you know thing that can scale in an unbounded way um has a single 48 byte Master chain key and um of course the nodes don't have some private key or something like that and when you actually interact you're not getting back a single signature it's a compound signature but it's a chain key um

something else I'm curious you know the internet internet computer can assist small contracts can can interact with web 2 by something called https alcohols and bearing in mind that um this is being integrated at the network level with ethereum this means that ethereum smart contracts will have the same functionality um and what happens is these canister small contracts are run locally by the node machines normalize the results the normalized results have passed um to consensus and if consensus is reached it's passed to the smart contract and that supports web 2 interactions and decentralized oracles and things like that arguably you don't even need an oracle um with this functionality

so um this is where it gets uh really cool so the chain key crypto framework that powers the internet computer has been extended so that canister small contracts can create ecdsa keys and again the ecdsa chain keys so there's no private key it's a sort of variation on threshold cryptography um and this means you can use a canister small contract to to sign pretty much anything um the um other thing of course this makes possible is that the internet computer um Can enable canister small contracts to interact with other chains without a

bridge being involved because the internet computer allows canister small contracts behind the scenes to create transactions um on other chains so um we use the integration with Bitcoin to create something called chain key Bitcoin and this is hopefully going to see some use in the ghano soon and gives you an idea what you can do the internet computer by the way it's nodes talk to the Bitcoin nodes and they pull blocks maintain the etx so sad to make it easy for developers and Changi um Bitcoins is credited with a trustless contract it allows you to transfer Bitcoin with one second finality an

incredibly low cost like thousands of a cent uh okay there we go whoops there's a bit of latency here all right we're back all right see if we can do this um so um the important thing of course for everyone here is that ethereum integration is coming and you're going to be able to call directly into the internet computer from ethereum Smart contracts and that will provide dabs on it on ethereum with access to things like you know

decentralized trustless web serving unbounded scaling um incredible efficiency so our aim has always been to find ways of making blockchain more efficient than traditional I.T and if anyone's curious about that catch me later and I'll explain how it's technically possible another thing that's coming on the internet computer is AI so AI is very much of the hot web 3 AI is very much at the heart of where we're going now and it's going to be possible to spin up AI models and call into AI models from from ethereum itself so that's it I kind of run out of time um

we've got an ICP event tonight so if you want to know more um please come along if you take that QR code you can get the Eventbrite or whatever it is form and we'd love to see you there and and talk more about ethereum internet computer Integrations and the things that are possible thanks [Music] [Applause]